Yes, as a tenant paying rent to an NRI landlord, you are required to deduct TDS at the rate of 30% on rent payments. However, if your landlord's actual tax liability is lower, you can apply for a reduction in TDS. The application can be made either by you, as the tenant, under Section 195, or by the landlord under Section 197. You’ll need to submit supporting documents like - the rental agreement, -computation of the landlord's estimated income and tax, and -the housing loan interest schedule. It’s typically better for the landlord to apply, as they have the necessary details.